Best Plants To Grow Out Of Aquarium – Elevate Your Tank’s Beauty

Are you looking for a way to add a unique touch to your aquarium, improve water quality, and create a truly vibrant ecosystem? You’re in the right place! Many aquarists, just like you, discover the magic of emergent plants – those incredible species that thrive with their roots submerged in the tank water and their leaves reaching for the air.

This fascinating setup not only transforms your aquarium into a stunning aquascape but also offers significant benefits for your fish, shrimp, and the overall health of your aquatic environment. Don’t worry—this setup is perfect for beginners!

In this comprehensive guide, we’ll dive deep into the world of the best plants to grow out of aquarium, exploring why they’re so beneficial, which ones are easiest to keep, and how to successfully integrate them into your existing tank. Get ready to elevate your fish-keeping game!

Why Grow Plants Out of Your Aquarium? Unlocking a World of Benefits

Integrating plants that grow out of your aquarium isn’t just about aesthetics, though they certainly add a captivating dimension to any setup. There are numerous practical advantages that make this an incredibly rewarding endeavor for any aquarist.

Let’s explore the compelling reasons why you should consider giving emergent plants a try.

Natural Water Filtration and Nutrient Export

This is arguably the biggest benefit. Emersed plants are incredibly efficient at absorbing excess nutrients directly from your aquarium water.

They excel at pulling out nitrates, phosphates, and even ammonia and nitrites, which are byproducts of the nitrogen cycle. This significantly helps in maintaining pristine water parameters.

By actively consuming these compounds, emergent plants act as a powerful natural filter, reducing the need for frequent water changes and helping to prevent pesky algae blooms. It’s like having an extra, living filter working around the clock!

Enhanced Aesthetics and Biotope Creation

Imagine a lush, green canopy extending from your tank, creating a mini-jungle or a serene riverbank scene. Emergent plants add a unique visual appeal that fully submerged plants simply can’t achieve.

They bridge the gap between your aquatic and terrestrial environments, giving your tank a more natural, biotope-like feel. This creates a more enriching experience for both you and your tank inhabitants.

The contrast of submerged and emergent foliage is truly captivating, turning your aquarium into a living work of art.

Increased Surface Area for Beneficial Bacteria

The extensive root systems of these plants provide a massive surface area for beneficial nitrifying bacteria to colonize. These bacteria are crucial for breaking down harmful waste products.

While most of the bacterial action happens within your filter media and substrate, the roots of emergent plants offer an additional biological filtration boost. This contributes to a more stable and resilient ecosystem.

A robust bacterial colony means a healthier, more forgiving tank environment.

Shade and Security for Your Fish

Overhanging leaves and dense root networks can provide excellent shade within the aquarium. This is particularly beneficial for shy fish species that appreciate a darker, more secluded environment.

The roots also offer new hiding spots and exploration areas for smaller fish and shrimp. This adds to their sense of security and reduces stress.

It mimics their natural habitats where dense vegetation often lines riverbanks and shorelines.

Oxygenation and Humidity

While submerged plants photosynthesize underwater, emergent plants perform robust photosynthesis in the air. This process releases oxygen into the surrounding room, subtly improving air quality.

For open-top tanks, the transpiration from the leaves can also slightly increase humidity around the aquarium. This can be beneficial for certain terrestrial plants or even some amphibians if you’re building a paludarium.

It’s a small but tangible contribution to your home’s microclimate.

The Science Behind Emersed Growth: Why Roots Love Water, Leaves Love Air

Understanding how emergent plants thrive helps us appreciate their role in our aquariums. It’s a fascinating balance of aquatic and terrestrial needs.

Root Systems in Aquatic Environment

When you place a plant’s roots in your aquarium water, they immediately tap into a rich source of nutrients. Fish waste, uneaten food, and decaying plant matter break down into compounds like nitrates, phosphates, and potassium.

These are the very building blocks that plants need to grow. The roots are perfectly adapted to absorb these dissolved nutrients directly from the water column.

This is essentially a hydroponic system, where the roots bypass soil and draw all their sustenance from the nutrient-rich aquarium water.

Leaves in the Terrestrial Environment

While the roots are feasting underwater, the leaves are working hard in the air. Here, they have access to an abundant supply of carbon dioxide (CO2) from the atmosphere.

CO2 is crucial for photosynthesis, the process by which plants convert light energy into chemical energy for growth. Terrestrial air generally contains much higher concentrations of CO2 than aquarium water.

This easy access to CO2, combined with ample light, allows emergent plants to grow incredibly quickly and efficiently, absorbing more nutrients from your tank water.

The Best of Both Worlds

This dual environment setup allows emergent plants to grow larger, faster, and more robustly than if they were fully submerged or purely terrestrial. They benefit from constant nutrient availability and optimal CO2 levels.

This vigorous growth is precisely what makes them such powerful natural filters for your aquarium. The more they grow, the more nutrients they export from your water.

It’s a truly symbiotic relationship that benefits both the plant and your aquatic inhabitants.

Choosing the Best Plants to Grow Out of Aquarium

Selecting the right plants is key to success. You’ll want species that are adaptable, easy to care for, and tolerant of having their roots submerged. Here are some of the top contenders that aquarists swear by.

1. Pothos (Epipremnum aureum)

Pothos is hands down one of the most popular and forgiving choices for emergent growth. Its hardiness and incredible nutrient-absorbing capabilities make it a true superstar.

• Why it’s great: Extremely easy to grow, tolerant of various light conditions, and a powerhouse at removing nitrates. It grows quickly, producing long, trailing vines.
• How to use: Simply take a cutting (make sure it has at least one node) and place the stem directly into the water. Roots will sprout quickly. You can rest the plant on the tank rim or use suction cup clips.
• Varieties: Many beautiful varieties exist, including Golden Pothos, Marble Queen, and Neon Pothos.

2. Lucky Bamboo (Dracaena sanderiana)

Despite its name, Lucky Bamboo isn’t actually bamboo, but a type of Dracaena. It’s a classic choice for emergent growth due to its distinctive look and ease of care.

• Why it’s great: Adds a striking vertical element. It’s very low maintenance and tolerant of varying light. Its sturdy stalks are aesthetically pleasing.
• How to use: Place the cut end of the stalk directly into the water. Ensure that the leafy part remains above the waterline to prevent rot.
• Important Note: Only the stalk should be submerged, not the leaves, as they will rot underwater.

3. Peace Lily (Spathiphyllum)

The elegant Peace Lily is another fantastic option, known for its beautiful dark green leaves and characteristic white “flowers” (actually modified leaves called spathes).

• Why it’s great: Excellent nitrate absorber and adds a touch of sophistication. It thrives in humid environments, which an aquarium provides.
• How to use: Gently rinse off all soil from the roots of a small Peace Lily plant. Place the bare roots into the aquarium water, ensuring the crown of the plant (where roots meet stems) stays above the waterline.
• Caution: The plant’s leaves and flowers are mildly toxic if ingested, so be mindful if you have pets that might nibble.

4. Monstera (Monstera deliciosa, Monstera adansonii)

While large Monstera can be overwhelming, smaller cuttings or young plants of varieties like Monstera adansonii (Swiss Cheese Plant) are excellent emergent options.

• Why it’s great: Adds a tropical, architectural element with its unique fenestrated leaves. They are fast growers and strong nutrient consumers.
• How to use: Propagate from cuttings with a node, much like Pothos. Place the node and stem into the water.
• Consideration: These plants can grow quite large, so regular trimming might be necessary to keep them manageable for smaller setups.

5. Syngonium (Arrowhead Plant, Syngonium podophyllum)

Syngoniums offer a wide range of leaf shapes and colors, making them a versatile and attractive choice for emergent setups.

• Why it’s great: Comes in many attractive varieties, grows quickly, and is very effective at nutrient uptake. It’s relatively forgiving.
• How to use: Similar to Pothos, take a cutting with a node and place it directly into the aquarium water.
• Growth Habit: Syngonium can be a trailing or climbing plant, offering flexibility in how you display it.

6. Philodendron (Various Species)

Many types of Philodendron, especially the vining varieties like Heartleaf Philodendron (Philodendron hederaceum), are excellent for emergent growth.

• Why it’s great: Easy to care for, robust, and beautiful. They are strong nutrient absorbers and create lush foliage.
• How to use: Take stem cuttings with at least one node and submerge the node and stem in the aquarium water.
• Diversity: With so many Philodendron species, you can find one to suit almost any aesthetic.

7. Spider Plant (Chlorophytum comosum)

Known for its distinctive “spiderettes” or plantlets that dangle from the mother plant, the Spider Plant is surprisingly adaptable to having its roots in water.

• Why it’s great: Very easy to grow and propagate from its own plantlets. It’s a good nutrient absorber and non-toxic.
• How to use: Take a small spiderette, ensuring it has some nascent roots or nodes, and place it directly into the tank water. The plantlet will quickly develop a full root system.
• Appearance: Its arching leaves add a soft, natural look.

Setting Up Your Emersed Plant Paradise

Once you’ve chosen your plants, it’s time to get them into your aquarium! Don’t worry, this process is generally quite simple and doesn’t require specialized equipment.

Preparing Your Plant Cuttings

For most vining plants like Pothos, Monstera, Syngonium, and Philodendron, you’ll start with a cutting.

• Identify a node: A node is where a leaf or root grows from the stem. It’s crucial for successful propagation.
• Cut below the node: Use sharp, clean scissors or pruners to make a cut just below a node. Ensure your cutting has at least one leaf and one node.
• Remove lower leaves: Trim off any leaves that would be submerged in the aquarium water. Submerged leaves will rot and foul your water.
• Rinse thoroughly: If your plant came from soil, gently but thoroughly rinse all soil off the roots or stem. Any residual soil can introduce unwanted elements to your tank.

Methods for Holding Plants in Place

There are several creative ways to position your emergent plants, depending on your tank setup and aesthetic preferences.

1. Resting on the Tank Rim

This is the simplest method. For vining plants, you can simply drape the cutting over the edge of your aquarium.

Ensure the roots are submerged and the leaves are comfortably above the waterline. This works well for plants with long stems.

2. Suction Cup Clips or Holders

Many aquarium product manufacturers offer small clips or baskets that attach to the inside of your tank with suction cups.

These are perfect for holding smaller cuttings or even entire plants (like a small Peace Lily) with their roots in the water. Look for clear or dark clips for a discreet look.

3. DIY Plant Holders

Get creative! You can fashion holders from plastic mesh, PVC pipe sections, or even repurpose small plastic containers.

Drill holes for water flow and attach them to the tank rim or internal bracing. This allows for more customization.

4. Driftwood or Hardscape Integration

If you have driftwood extending out of your tank, you can tuck plant cuttings into crevices or attach them with fishing line or super glue (aquarium safe) until roots establish.

This creates a very natural, integrated look, especially for biotope-style setups.

5. Hang-on Planters/Filters

Some hang-on-back (HOB) filters have small compartments or areas where you can place plant cuttings. The flowing water provides excellent nutrient delivery to the roots.

Dedicated hang-on planters are also available that sit on the outside of your tank but have a reservoir that dips into the water.

Lighting Considerations

Emersed plants need adequate light, just like their terrestrial counterparts.

• Natural Light: If your aquarium is near a window (but not in direct, intense sunlight that could cause algae issues), ambient room light might be sufficient for low-light tolerant plants like Pothos.
• Grow Lights: For optimal growth, especially for higher light plants or if your room is dim, consider a small LED grow light positioned above the emergent foliage.
• Aquarium Light: Your existing aquarium light will illuminate the roots, but the leaves above the water will need their own light source.

Water Level and Evaporation

Maintain your regular aquarium water level. The roots of your emergent plants will adapt to whatever depth they are placed at.

Be mindful of evaporation, especially with open-top tanks. Top off your tank with dechlorinated water regularly to keep your roots submerged.

Care and Maintenance for Emersed Aquarium Plants

Once your emergent plants are established, caring for them is relatively straightforward. They are often less demanding than fully submerged plants.

Trimming and Pruning

Regular trimming is essential for several reasons:

• Shape and Size: Keep your plants looking neat and prevent them from overwhelming your space.
• Promote Bushier Growth: Trimming encourages the plant to branch out, creating a fuller, lusher appearance.
• Propagation: Trimmed sections can often be used to start new plants or share with fellow hobbyists.
• Nutrient Export: By removing plant mass, you are physically removing the absorbed nutrients from your aquarium system, further aiding in water quality control.

Don’t be afraid to snip! Most of these plants respond very well to pruning.

Nutrient Supplementation (Optional)

For the most part, emergent plants will get all the nutrients they need from your aquarium water. Fish waste is a rich source of nitrates, phosphates, and potassium.

However, if you have a very lightly stocked tank or notice signs of nutrient deficiency (e.g., yellowing leaves, stunted growth), you might consider a very diluted dose of a general-purpose liquid plant fertilizer.

Apply sparingly and observe your plants. Remember, the goal is for the plants to take nutrients from the water, not add too many.

Pest Control

Like any houseplant, emergent aquarium plants can occasionally attract pests like spider mites, aphids, or mealybugs.

• Inspection: Regularly inspect the leaves and stems for any signs of pests.
• Manual Removal: For small infestations, you can often wipe pests away with a damp cloth or a cotton swab dipped in rubbing alcohol.
• Insecticidal Soap: If the problem persists, use an insecticidal soap specifically formulated for houseplants. Absolutely ensure no spray or runoff gets into your aquarium water, as it can be toxic to fish. Remove the plant from the tank if you need to treat it.
• Neem Oil: A diluted neem oil solution can also be effective, but again, extreme caution is needed to prevent it from entering the tank.

Root Health

Occasionally check the roots submerged in your tank. They should look healthy and white or light brown.

If you notice any mushy, black, or foul-smelling roots, it could be a sign of root rot. This is rare in properly oxygenated aquarium water but can happen if the plant is struggling. Trim off any affected roots with clean scissors.

Potential Challenges & Troubleshooting

While generally easy, you might encounter a few minor hurdles. Here’s how to address them.

Algae on Submerged Roots

It’s common to see a thin film of green or brown algae on the roots, especially if they are exposed to bright light. This is generally harmless.

• Solution: You can gently rub it off during water changes, or introduce algae-eating snails or shrimp (like Amano shrimp) to your tank. Reducing the intensity or duration of the light hitting the roots can also help.

Leaf Burn or Discoloration

If leaves appear scorched, dry, or discolored, it could be due to several factors.

• Too Much Light: If your plant is under a very strong grow light, it might be experiencing leaf burn. Adjust the light intensity or raise the light fixture.
• Low Humidity: While aquariums provide some humidity, some plants might prefer even higher levels. Misting the leaves with dechlorinated water can help.
• Nutrient Deficiency: As mentioned, this is rare, but yellowing leaves might indicate a need for a very diluted all-in-one fertilizer.

Plant Rot

If parts of your plant turn mushy and black, it’s likely rotting.

• Submerged Leaves: The most common cause is leaves being submerged underwater. Always ensure only stems and roots are in the water, not leaves.
• Overwatering (for potted plants): If you’ve tried to keep a potted plant with its roots in water, the soil can become waterlogged and lead to rot. Always remove all soil before submerging roots.
• Solution: Trim off all rotted parts immediately to prevent it from spreading.

Slow Growth or Stunted Growth

If your plants aren’t thriving as expected, consider these points:

• Insufficient Light: Ensure your emergent leaves are getting enough light.
• Nutrient Imbalance: While unlikely to be a lack of nutrients in an established tank, perhaps your plant requires a specific micronutrient. A broad-spectrum liquid fertilizer at a diluted dose can help.
• Poor Cuttings: Sometimes a cutting simply isn’t viable. Try again with a fresh, healthy cutting.

FAQ: Your Questions About Emerged Aquarium Plants Answered

Here are some common questions we hear from aquarists interested in emergent plants.

Can any houseplant grow with its roots in an aquarium?

No, not all houseplants are suitable. You need plants that are tolerant of “wet feet” – meaning their roots can sit in water indefinitely without rotting. The plants listed in this guide are excellent choices because they are known for their ability to thrive hydroponically.

Do I need special lighting for these plants?

Your existing aquarium light will illuminate the roots, but the leaves above the water will need their own light source. Ambient room light is often sufficient for low-light tolerant plants like Pothos, but a dedicated small LED grow light can significantly boost growth for all emergent plants.

Will these plants harm my fish or shrimp?

The plants listed in this guide are generally considered safe for aquariums. However, some plants (like Peace Lily or Monstera) can be mildly toxic if ingested by pets (cats, dogs), so be mindful if you have curious furry friends. Always ensure no pesticides or fertilizers meant for terrestrial use enter your tank water.

How often should I trim the roots?

You generally don’t need to trim the roots unless they become excessively long and dense, making it difficult for fish to swim, or if they show signs of rot. Healthy roots contribute to filtration, so let them grow!

Do emergent plants reduce the need for water changes?

They can significantly extend the time between water changes by efficiently absorbing nitrates. However, they don’t eliminate the need entirely. Regular water changes are still crucial for replenishing essential minerals and removing other accumulated waste products.

Can I use plant food designed for houseplants?

Absolutely not directly in the aquarium water! Terrestrial plant foods can contain ingredients harmful to fish and invertebrates. If your emergent plant looks like it needs a boost, consider a very diluted dose of an aquarium-safe liquid plant fertilizer, or ensure your tank is sufficiently stocked to provide nutrients naturally.

What if my emergent plant starts to flower?

Some emergent plants, like Peace Lilies, will flower if they are healthy and happy. This is a sign of good care! Enjoy the bloom. After the flower fades, you can trim the spent stalk.

Conclusion: Embrace the Emergent Beauty!

Incorporating the best plants to grow out of aquarium is a fantastic way to enhance your tank’s beauty, improve water quality, and create a more dynamic and natural environment for your aquatic inhabitants. From the humble yet mighty Pothos to the elegant Peace Lily, there’s a perfect emergent plant waiting to transform your setup.

By understanding the benefits, choosing the right species, and following a few simple setup and maintenance tips, you’ll be well on your way to creating a stunning and thriving aquascape. So go ahead, grab some cuttings, and watch your aquarium flourish from the water up! Your fish (and your eyes) will thank you.