Arowanas Fish – The Ultimate Guide To Thriving Care And Majestic

Written ByHoward Parker

Ever gazed upon the magnificent arowana and felt a mix of awe and intimidation? You’re not alone! These ancient, predatory fish are truly the jewels of the freshwater world, captivating with their iridescent scales, powerful bodies, and majestic presence. Many aquarists dream of keeping an arowana but worry about the complexities of their care.

Don’t worry—this comprehensive guide is here to demystify everything about keeping arowanas fish. We promise to equip you with the knowledge and confidence to not only keep these incredible creatures but to help them truly thrive in your home aquarium.

In this guide, we’ll dive deep into everything you need to know, from choosing the right species and setting up their ideal habitat to mastering their diet, understanding their unique behaviors, and troubleshooting common issues. By the end, you’ll have all the expert arowanas fish tips to become a successful arowana keeper, turning your aquarium into a stunning display of aquatic artistry.

Understanding Arowanas Fish: A Majestic Introduction

Arowanas are truly living fossils, dating back millions of years. Their striking appearance, characterized by large, metallic scales, elongated bodies, and distinctive upward-facing mouths, makes them one of the most sought-after and revered fish in the aquarium hobby.

These magnificent fish aren’t just pretty faces; they possess an undeniable intelligence and personality that can truly bond with their keepers. Getting to know the basics is the first step in creating a wonderful life for your new aquatic companion.

Different Types of Arowanas

While often grouped, there are several distinct species of arowanas fish, each with its own charm. Knowing the differences is key to proper care.

  • Silver Arowana (Osteoglossum bicirrhosum): Originating from South America, these are perhaps the most common and accessible. They grow very large and are known for their vibrant silver scales.
  • Asian Arowana (Scleropages formosus): Highly prized and often very expensive, these come in a breathtaking array of colors, including Red, Green, Gold, and Blue. They are CITES-listed, meaning their trade is strictly regulated.
  • Australian Arowana (Scleropages jardinii & leichardti): Also known as Jardini or Saratoga Arowanas, these are known for their robust build and often have a more speckled or pearlescent appearance.
  • African Arowana (Heterotis niloticus): A bit of an outlier, as it belongs to a different family (Arapaimidae) but shares the common name. It has a more subdued coloration and a less elongated body.

Benefits of Arowanas Fish in Your Home

Beyond their undeniable beauty, keeping arowanas offers several unique rewards for dedicated aquarists.

  • Stunning Centerpiece: An arowana instantly becomes the focal point of any room, drawing admiration and conversation. Their graceful movements are mesmerizing.
  • Interactive Pets: Many arowanas learn to recognize their owners and can be hand-fed. They often follow movement outside the tank, displaying surprising intelligence and personality.
  • Long Lifespan: With proper care, arowanas can live for 10-20 years, offering a long-term commitment and a deeply rewarding pet ownership experience.
  • Educational Opportunity: Observing these ancient predators provides a fantastic opportunity to learn about aquatic ecosystems and responsible pet keeping.

Setting Up the Perfect Arowanas Fish Habitat

Creating the right environment is paramount for the health and happiness of your arowanas fish. Think of it as building a luxurious, custom home for a very special resident. This section will guide you through how to arowanas fish keeping begins with the right setup.

Tank Size and Dimensions

This is arguably the most critical factor. Arowanas grow large, and they need space to thrive, not just survive.

For a single Silver Arowana, a minimum of a 180-gallon (680 liters) tank is recommended, but 250-300 gallons (950-1135 liters) or more is ideal for an adult. Asian and Australian Arowanas also require similar spacious accommodations.

The tank’s footprint (length and width) is more important than its height. A minimum of 8 feet in length (240 cm) and 2.5-3 feet in width (75-90 cm) is crucial. Arowanas are powerful jumpers, so a tightly secured, heavy-duty lid is non-negotiable.

Filtration and Water Quality

Arowanas are big eaters and produce a significant amount of waste, so robust filtration is essential for maintaining pristine water quality.

You’ll need multiple powerful filters, ideally a combination of external canister filters and a sump system. Aim for a total filtration capacity that turns over your tank’s water volume at least 5-10 times per hour. Mechanical, biological, and chemical filtration are all vital.

Regular water changes are also non-negotiable. Plan for 25-30% weekly water changes to keep nitrates low and replenish essential minerals. Always use a good quality water conditioner to neutralize chlorine and chloramines.

Substrate and Decor

Keep it simple! Arowanas are open-water swimmers and can be easily spooked by cluttered environments. They also have delicate barbels that can be damaged by sharp objects.

A fine, smooth sand substrate is a good choice, or even a bare bottom tank, which simplifies cleaning. Avoid gravel with sharp edges.

For decor, use smooth, rounded rocks or large pieces of driftwood. Ensure any decor is securely placed and cannot topple over. Leave plenty of open swimming space. Floating plants can help diffuse light and provide a sense of security.

Arowanas Fish Care Guide: Daily Practices for a Healthy Pet

Once your tank is set up, daily and weekly routines become your best friends. Following this arowanas fish care guide will ensure your fish remains vibrant and healthy for years.

Feeding Your Arowana

Arowanas are carnivorous predators with hearty appetites. A varied diet is crucial for their long-term health and vibrant coloration.

Feed juveniles 2-3 times a day, and adults 1-2 times a day. Offer a mix of high-quality pellets or sticks specifically designed for arowanas, supplemented with fresh or frozen foods.

Excellent food options include:

  • Insect-based: Crickets, mealworms, superworms (gut-loaded for nutrition).
  • Fish-based: Silversides, market shrimp, white fish fillets (avoid feeder fish due to disease risk).
  • Other: Frozen krill, earthworms.

Always remove uneaten food promptly to prevent water quality issues.

Water Parameters and Maintenance

Consistency is key. Arowanas are sensitive to sudden changes in water chemistry.

Ideal parameters are:

  • Temperature: 75-82°F (24-28°C)
  • pH: 6.0-7.5 (slightly acidic to neutral)
  • Hardness (GH): 5-15 dGH (soft to medium hard)
  • Ammonia & Nitrite: 0 ppm
  • Nitrate: Below 20 ppm

Perform weekly water tests using a reliable liquid test kit. Stick to your regular water change schedule, and always acclimate new water slowly to match the tank’s temperature and pH.

Lighting and Environment

While arowanas don’t have specific lighting requirements beyond what’s needed for viewing and any live plants, providing a consistent day-night cycle is beneficial.

A moderate, full-spectrum LED light for 8-10 hours a day is usually sufficient. Avoid overly bright lighting, as it can stress the fish. Some keepers prefer to keep the room dimly lit around the tank to prevent “jump scares” when turning on tank lights.

Remember, arowanas are jumpers! Always ensure your tank is fully covered and weighted down. A startled arowana can easily leap out of an uncovered tank.

Common Problems with Arowanas Fish & How to Solve Them

Even with the best intentions, issues can arise. Knowing how to identify and address common problems with arowanas fish quickly can save your pet’s life.

Fin Rot and Dropsy

These are often indicators of poor water quality or stress.

  • Fin Rot: Fins appear frayed, ragged, or develop white edges.
    • Solution: Immediately perform a large water change (50-70%), ensure filters are clean and functioning, and maintain pristine water parameters. Mild cases often resolve with improved water quality. Severe cases may require antibacterial medication.
  • Dropsy: The fish’s body swells, and scales protrude, giving a “pinecone” appearance. This is often a symptom of internal bacterial infection or organ failure.
    • Solution: Dropsy is very difficult to treat. Isolate the fish, maintain perfect water conditions, and try an antibiotic specifically for internal bacterial infections. Prevention through excellent husbandry is key.

Eye Drop (Ptosis)

This condition, where one or both eyes droop downwards, is common in arowanas, especially Silver and Asian varieties.

  • Cause: Often linked to a diet too rich in floating foods, encouraging the fish to constantly look down, or genetics. Some believe bare-bottom tanks or dark substrates can exacerbate it.
  • Solution: A varied diet with more sinking foods, adding a light-colored substrate, or introducing a floating ball to encourage upward gazing can help. In severe cases, some experienced aquarists opt for surgical correction, but this is risky and should only be done by a specialized vet.

Aggression and Tank Mates

Arowanas are predatory and can be territorial. Choosing appropriate tank mates is crucial.

  • Aggression: Arowanas are typically peaceful towards fish too large to be considered food, but they can be aggressive towards similar-sized fish or those that infringe on their territory.
    • Solution: Choose tank mates that are too large to be eaten, fast enough to evade, and occupy different levels of the tank. Good options include large catfishes (e.g., plecos, datnoids), large cichlids (e.g., Oscars, Green Terrors, if temperament matches), or stingrays. Always introduce tank mates carefully and monitor for aggression.

Responsible Arowana Keeping: Sustainable & Eco-Friendly Practices

Being a responsible aquarist means more than just caring for your fish; it means understanding their origins and contributing to their welfare in the wild. This aligns with sustainable arowanas fish and eco-friendly arowanas fish practices.

Sourcing Your Arowana Responsibly

This is a critical step, especially for Asian Arowanas. Wild populations are often endangered due to habitat loss and over-collection.

  • Certified Breeders: For Asian Arowanas, always purchase from reputable, CITES-certified breeders. These fish will come with a microchip and certificate of authenticity, proving they are farm-bred and legally traded.
  • Local Fish Stores: For Silver or Australian Arowanas, choose a fish store with a good reputation for healthy, well-cared-for fish. Ask about their sourcing practices.
  • Avoid Wild-Caught (if possible): While some species are still legally wild-caught, prioritizing captive-bred fish reduces pressure on wild populations.

Conservation Efforts

Support organizations dedicated to freshwater conservation. By choosing certified Asian Arowanas, you’re indirectly supporting regulated breeding programs that can reduce poaching pressures on wild stocks.

Educate yourself and other hobbyists about the importance of responsible pet ownership and the impact of the aquarium trade on wild ecosystems. Your choices matter!

Advanced Arowanas Fish Tips for Experienced Keepers

Once you’ve mastered the basics, you might be looking for more advanced arowanas fish tips to truly elevate your keeping experience.

Breeding Considerations

Breeding arowanas in captivity, particularly Asian Arowanas, is a highly specialized and challenging endeavor. It requires massive tanks, specific water parameters, and often a pair that has bonded naturally.

Most home aquarists will not attempt breeding. However, understanding their natural breeding behaviors (mouthbrooding, where the male carries the eggs and fry in his mouth) can deepen your appreciation for these incredible fish.

Training and Interaction

Yes, you can “train” your arowana!

  • Hand-Feeding: Many arowanas learn to accept food directly from their owner’s hand. Start by offering food with tongs, then gradually introduce your hand. Be patient and move slowly.
  • “Target” Feeding: You can teach your arowana to come to a specific spot for food, which can be useful for observation or if you have multiple fish.
  • Enrichment: While not like a dog or cat, providing a stimulating environment with varied decor (moved occasionally) and regular interaction (without stressing the fish) can lead to a more engaged and responsive pet.

These arowanas fish best practices foster a strong bond between you and your majestic aquatic friend.

Frequently Asked Questions About Arowanas Fish

Let’s tackle some of the most common questions new and aspiring arowana keepers have!

Are arowanas fish aggressive?

Arowanas are predatory and can be territorial, especially towards other fish that resemble them or are small enough to be considered food. They are generally peaceful towards very large, robust tank mates that occupy different water columns. It’s crucial to select tank mates carefully and monitor interactions.

How long do arowanas fish live?

With excellent care, arowanas can live for a significant amount of time. Silver Arowanas typically live 10-15 years, while Asian Arowanas can live 15-20 years or even longer. This makes them a long-term commitment!

What’s the minimum tank size for an arowana?

For an adult Silver or Asian Arowana, a minimum of 180-250 gallons (680-950 liters) is recommended, with a length of at least 8 feet (240 cm) and a width of 2.5-3 feet (75-90 cm). The larger, the better, as they are active swimmers and grow very large.

Can arowanas fish be kept with other fish?

Yes, but with careful consideration. Choose tank mates that are too large to be eaten, peaceful, and can handle the arowana’s powerful presence. Good options include large, peaceful cichlids, large catfishes (like plecos or stingrays), or datnoids. Avoid small or overly aggressive fish.

How often should I feed my arowana?

Juvenile arowanas should be fed 2-3 times a day. Adult arowanas typically do well with 1-2 feedings per day. Always offer a varied diet of high-quality pellets, insects, and appropriate fish or shrimp, and avoid overfeeding.

Conclusion

Welcoming an arowana into your home is an incredible journey. These magnificent arowanas fish are more than just pets; they are living testaments to ancient aquatic beauty, demanding respect and rewarding dedicated care with years of captivating presence.

By following this comprehensive arowanas fish guide, you’re not just setting up a tank; you’re cultivating a thriving ecosystem for a truly special creature. Remember, patience, consistency, and a commitment to water quality are your greatest tools.

Don’t be intimidated by their grandeur. With the right knowledge and a little dedication, you too can provide a perfect home for these majestic fish. Go forth, embrace the challenge, and enjoy the unparalleled beauty and personality your arowana will bring to your life. Your amazing aquatic adventure starts now!

Howard Parker
Latest posts by Howard Parker (see all)